B.Tech Syllabus 2024: Semester-wise Course Structure

B.Tech Syllabus Subjects: Semester-Wise and Year-Wise

Choosing a B.Tech program is the first step for any aspiring engineer. Understanding the syllabus and structure can significantly impact your decision. This blog will walk you through the semester-wise and year-wise B.Tech syllabus, helping you make an informed choice. In the end, you will also become familiar with diverse career options as a graduate engineer.

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B.Tech Overview

The B.Tech syllabus varies across universities but follows a similar structure. It typically spans four years, divided into eight semesters. Each semester comprises core and elective B.Tech subjects, practicals, projects, and internships designed to align students with both practical and theoretical skills in B.Tech course subjects.

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Now, let's explore the different specialisations available in B.Tech programs across India. These specialisations cover a variety of interests and career paths, offering promising opportunities after graduation.

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Specialisations Offered in B.Tech

B.Tech programs in India offer various specialisations for students of diverse interests and career aspirations. Here is a comprehensive list of 25 B.Tech specialisations in India, including lesser-known and emerging fields aligned with new-age technologies. Each specialisation presents excellent career opportunities upon graduation.

1. Computer Science Engineering (CSE)
2. Information Technology (IT)
3. Mechanical Engineering
4. Electrical Engineering
5. Electronics and Communication Engineering (ECE)
6. Civil Engineering
7. Chemical Engineering
8. Biotechnology
9. Aeronautical Engineering
10. Automobile Engineering
11. Agricultural Engineering
12. Biomedical Engineering
13. Petroleum Engineering
14. Mining Engineering
15. Environmental Engineering
16. Textile Engineering
17. Marine Engineering
18. Metallurgical Engineering
19. Production Engineering
20. Industrial Engineering
21. Robotics Engineering
22. Nanotechnology
23. Food Technology
24. Marine Biotechnology
25. Instrumentation Engineering

Whether you are inclined towards computers, machinery, chemicals, or environmental solutions, there is a B.Tech specialisation for you. 

Now that you've got a general idea of the various specialisations let's explore the specifics of some of the top ones.

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B.Tech Syllabus of Top Specialisations

Understand B.Tech course subjects and their semester-wise distribution to make an informed decision that aligns with your career goals and interests. This comprehensive guide covers the semester-wise syllabus for some of the top B.Tech specialisations, including Computer Science Engineering (CSE), Information Technology (IT), Electrical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology.

This guide aims to clarify and help you navigate your B.Tech journey with confidence by breaking down the B.Tech course subjects you will study each semester.

Computer Science Engineering (CSE) Semester-wise Syllabus

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Information Technology (IT) Semester-wise Syllabus

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Mechanical Engineering Semester-wise Syllabus

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Electrical Engineering Semester-wise Syllabus

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Civil Engineering Semester-wise Syllabus

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Chemical Engineering Semester-wise Syllabus

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Biotechnology Semester-wise Syllabus

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Moving forward, let’s break down the core and elective components that make up a B.Tech syllabus.

Career Options after B.Tech

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Core and Elective Subjects in B.Tech Syllabus

B.Tech courses blend essential engineering fundamentals with specialised electives, offering students a comprehensive education to tackle real-world challenges. From foundational B.Tech course subjects like Engineering Physics and Machine Design to cutting-edge electives such as Artificial Intelligence and Cyber Security, B.Tech programs prepare students to innovate and excel in diverse engineering fields.

B.Tech Core Subjects

The B.Tech course aims to provide knowledge of fundamental engineering concepts and specialisation. This course provides in-depth knowledge that helps candidates solve engineering problems. Some of the important core subjects are:

1. Engineering Physics
2. Engineering Mechanics
3. Basic Electronics
4. Structural Analysis
5. Machine Design
6. Programming Language
7. Digital Electronics
8. Communication Protocols

B.Tech Elective Subjects

The B.Tech course combines core and elective subjects, including laboratory subjects. Some of the important elective subjects are:

1. Robotics
2. Artificial Intelligence
3. Machine Learning
4. Autonomous Vehicles
5. Material Handling
6. Internet of Things
7. Cloud Computing
8. Cyber Security

Now, let's dive deeper into the detailed syllabus of each engineering field, exploring the specific subjects and learning objectives that shape the educational journey of B.Tech students.

B.Tech Syllabus: Computer Science 

Core Subjects

1. Artificial Intelligence focuses on developing systems to perform tasks requiring human intelligence, covering machine learning, neural networks, and robotics.
2. Theory of Computation explores computational theory, including automata, formal languages, and Turing machines, to understand the limits of what computers can solve.
3. Design and Analysis of Algorithms involve creating efficient algorithms and analysing their time and space complexity, using techniques like divide and conquer and dynamic programming.
4. Compiler Design covers translating high-level programming languages into machine code, including lexical analysis, syntax analysis, and code generation.
5. Operating Systems are used to manage computer hardware and software resources, including process management, memory management, and file systems.

Elective Subjects

1. Distributed Database: Topics include distributed DBMS features and needs, reference architecture, levels of distribution transparency, storage mechanisms, partitioned networks, checkpoints and cold starts, and distributed data dictionary management.
2. Bioinformatics: Introduction to genomic data and data organisation, sequence data banks, signal peptide data banks, nucleic acid sequence, data bank, introduction to MSD, sequence analysis, secondary structure predictions, etc.
3. Parallel Programming: Computational demands on modern science, parallel processing terminology, process and processors, processor organisations, variations in splitting, parallel programming, etc.
4. Advanced Operating System: Process synchronisation, process deadlocks, distributed operating systems, distributed OS implementation, multiprocessor systems, etc.

B.Tech IT Syllabus

Core Subjects:

1. Programming Languages (like C, C++, Java): Foundations in essential coding languages.
2. Data Structures and Algorithms: Study of organising and managing data efficiently.
3. Database Management Systems: Understanding of database design and management.
4. Computer Networks: Principles and protocols governing network communication.
5. Operating Systems: Fundamentals of system software and management.
6. Software Engineering: Methodologies for systematic software development.
7. Web Technologies: Technologies for web application development.
8. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP): Approach to designing software using objects and classes.
9. Computer Architecture and Organization: Structure and functionality of computer systems.
10. Theory of Computation: Study of computation models and computational complexity.

Elective Subjects:

1. Cloud Computing: Delivering computing services over the Internet.
2. Cyber Security: Techniques to protect computer systems and data.
3. Mobile Application Development: Design and creation of applications for mobile devices.
4. Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning: Study of intelligent agents and learning algorithms.
5. Big Data Analytics: Techniques for analysing large volumes of data.
6. Internet of Things (IoT): Interconnection of devices via the internet.
7. Blockchain Technology: Distributed ledger technology for secure transactions.
8. Human-Computer Interaction: Study of interaction between users and computers.
9. Data Science: Extraction of knowledge from data through algorithms and systems.
10. VR/AR: Technologies creating immersive virtual experiences.

B.Tech Syllabus: Biotechnology

Core Subjects

1. Human Biology covers the structure and function of the human body, including anatomy, physiology, and genetics. It provides a foundational understanding of human biological processes.
2. Cell Biology and Biological Systems focus on the structure and function of cells, cellular communication, the cell cycle, and cellular metabolism, which is crucial for understanding life at the microscopic level.
3. Chemistry provides foundational knowledge in chemical principles and reactions, including organic, biochemical, and physical chemistry, essential for understanding biological and chemical processes.
4. Structural Biochemistry studies the molecular structures of biological macromolecules such as carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids and their functions within living organisms.
5. Plant Science explores the biology of plants, including plant anatomy, physiology, genetics, and biotechnology applications, which are crucial for advancements in agriculture and environmental science.
6. Molecular Genetics focuses on the molecular basis of genetic processes, including DNA replication, gene expression, genetic engineering, and genomics. It is essential for biotechnology and medical research.

Elective Subjects

1. Cell Tissue and Culture: Introduction, history, plant & animal cells, animal cell culture, the biology of the animal cell, the importance of serum and serum-free media, in vitro transformation, etc.
2. Bioseparation and Biochemical Analysis: Basic analytical techniques, removal of insolubles, advanced techniques of bioseparation, etc.
3. Plant Developmental Biology: Embryogenesis and organogenesis, shoot and root, growth of seedlings, environmental factors, etc.
4. Bioprocess Plant and Equipment Design: Site and plant layout, utilities, storage methods and material handling, plant operation, sterilisation of bioreactors, instrumentation of bioprocess, etc.

B.Tech Syllabus: Civil Engineering

Core Subjects

1. Probability, Statistics, and Linear Programming: Topics such as total, compound, marginal, conditional probability, Bayes theorem, central limit theorem, multiple and partial correlations, etc.
2. Geotechnical Engineering: Historical development of soil engineering, soil water, capillary phenomenon, vertical stress distribution, etc.
3. Concrete Technology: Provides knowledge of concrete, concrete materials, mix design, admixtures, strength of concrete, special concrete, etc.
4. Numerical Techniques: Includes solution of linear systems, Gaussian elimination, Crout’s methods, numerical solution of ordinary differential equations, etc.

Elective Subjects

1. Prestressed Concrete: Introduction, limit state design criteria, anchorage zone stresses in post-tensioned members, composite construction, in-site concrete, etc.
2. Advanced Foundation Engineering: Soil exploration and site investigation, shallow foundation, deep foundation, retaining walls and sheet pile structures, design of foundation for vibration control, etc.
3. Soil Stabilization & Ground Improvement Technique: Soil stabilisation, in situ densification, geotextiles, grouting, soil stability, etc.
4. Advanced Highway & Transportation Engineering: Traffic engineering, transportation planning, railway engineering, airport engineering, etc.

B.Tech Syllabus: Electrical Engineering

Core Subjects

1. Chemistry Laboratory: Includes permanganometric titrations, acid-base titrations, iodometric titrations, complexometric titrations, chemical kinetics, photochemical oxidation, application of electron model, etc.
2. Chemistry: Topics include physical principles, systems at finite temperatures, molecular reaction dynamics, an introduction to molecules, and the principles and applications of transition metal ion chemistry.
3. Fundamental of Computing: Introduction to Linux, object-oriented approach, classes, objects, state through member variables, etc.
4. Introduction to Electronics: Covers passive components, signal sources, DC circuit analysis, discrete electronic devices, power supply, BJT biasing, simple transistor amplifier, etc.

Elective Subjects

1. Signals, Systems, and Networks: Continuous and discrete time signals, Fourier series, Laplace, Z transform techniques, DFT, sampling theorem, analogue and digital filters, network theorems, two-port analysis, etc.
2. Microelectronics-I: Basic amplifier configurations, current sources and active loads, output stages, op-amps, feedback amplifiers, stability and compensation, non-linear electronic circuits, etc.
3. Control System Analysis: Linear feedback control systems, frequency and time domain analysis, I/O relationships, transfer functions, performance analysis, nonlinear systems, etc.
4. Digital Signal Processing: Review of discrete-time signals and systems, sampling of CT signals, prefiltering, decimation and interpolation, quantisation noise, DSP hardware, etc.

B.Tech Syllabus: Chemical Engineering

Core Subjects

1. Chemical Process Calculations: Knowledge about steady state, dynamic processes, distributed processes, single and multiple phase systems, vapour pressure, Brayton cycle, vaporisation processes, etc.
2. Fluid Mechanics: Topics include types of fluids, non-Newtonian viscosity, dimensional analysis, fluid statics, hydrostatic force on submerged bodies, etc.
3. Mechanical Operations: Principles of crushing and grinding, laws of crushing and grinding, determination of mean particle size, size distribution equations, etc.
4. Heat Transfer: Modes of heat transfer, Fourier’s law and thermal conductivity, differential equation of heat conduction, boundary conditions, Heisler charts, numerical methods of conduction, etc.

Elective Subjects

1. Fuel and Combustion Technology: History of fuels, type of fuels, solid fuel, coal classification, coal mining, combustion of coal and coke mining, exploration and evaluation of crude oil, etc.
2. Numerical Methods in Chemical Engineering: Solutions of simultaneous linear and nonlinear equations, statistical analysis of data, curve fitting, solution of ordinary differential equations, etc.
3. Petroleum Refinery and Petrochemicals: Origin and occurrence, physio-chemical properties of petroleum, uses of petroleum products, refining processes such as distillation, cracking, reforming, etc.
4. Renewable Energy Resources: Biofuels, biomass, energy through fermentation, pyrolysis, feedstock, properties of biogas, hydrogen energy, solar energy, hybrid systems, etc.

B.Tech Syllabus: Mechanical Engineering

Core Subjects

1. Thermodynamics: Covers the principles of energy, heat, and work, focusing on the laws of thermodynamics, energy transfer, and the analysis of heat engines and refrigerators.
2. Fluid Mechanics: Studies the behaviour of fluids at rest and in motion, including fluid properties, pressure variations, and the design of systems like pipelines and pumps.
3. Machine Design involves creating mechanical components that can withstand loads. It covers stress analysis, material selection, and the design of gears, bearings, and springs.
4. Engineering Mechanics Deals with the behaviour of objects under forces, including statics and dynamics. It covers force analysis, equilibrium, kinematics, and kinetics.
5. Heat Transfer focuses on how heat moves through materials, covering conduction, convection, and radiation and the design of systems like heat exchangers.
6. Engineering Drawing: This course teaches technical drawing principles, including orthographic projection, isometric views, and dimensioning, essential for communicating design specifications.

Elective Subjects

1. Power Plant Engineering: Basics of steam power plant, layout, terms, components of steam power plants, feed pump, nuclear and gas turbine, etc.
2. Computer Integrated Manufacturing System: Production system facilities, automation in production systems, manual labour in production systems, cellular manufacturing, material handling, etc.
3. Concurrent Engineering: Concurrent engineering, sequential and simultaneous processes, definition and framework of concurrent engineering, DFMA, FMEA, etc.
4. Industrial Automation: Scope of automation, hydraulic and pneumatic, cylinders, construction, design and mounting, etc.

Speaking of structure, understanding the overall course structure can further clarify how these subjects are organised.

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B.Tech Syllabus Course Structure

The B.Tech course structure is designed to provide a comprehensive education in engineering, combining fundamental subjects, core subjects, and electives. Most engineering colleges in India follow the Choice Based Credit System (CBCS) recommended by the UGC. Here’s a breakdown of the B.Tech course structure:

1. Core B.Tech Subjects and Elective B.Tech Subjectssome text
   • Core Subjects: These are specific to the chosen specialisation and provide in-depth knowledge and skills essential for the field.
   • Elective Subjects: Students choose these based on their interests and career goals, allowing them to tailor their education to their aspirations.
2. Project and Viva Vocesome text
   • Project: In their final year, students undertake a fact-finding and research-based project, applying their learning to real-world problems.
   • Viva Voce: An oral examination where students defend their project work, demonstrating their understanding and communication skills.
3. Lab B.Tech Course Subjectssome text
   • Practical lab sessions complement theoretical learning, providing hands-on experience with experiments and applications relevant to their specialisation.
4. Mandatory Internshipsome text
   • Students must complete internships, gain practical industry experience, and enhance their employability.
5. 8 Semesterssome text
   • The B.Tech program is divided into eight semesters over four years, each covering specific subjects and skills development.
6. Project Submissionsome text
   • Students submit their final project at the end of the course, which is crucial for their final evaluation and placement opportunities.

The structure ensures a balanced approach to learning, combining theory, practical experience, and research to prepare students for successful engineering careers. Financial support from Propelld makes it easier.Sometimes, the right book can make all the difference in understanding a complex subject—let’s check out some popular recommendations.

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B.Tech Popular Books

From algorithms that drive technological innovations to the principles that underpin structural integrity, the right books can transform learning into a journey of discovery and mastery. Here are some popular books for B.Tech students:

1. Introduction to Algorithms by Thomas H. Cormen
2. Engineering Mechanics by S.S. Bhavikatti
3. Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering by Giorgio Rizzoni
4. Strength of Materials by R.K. Bansal
5. Chemical Engineering Design by R.K. Sinnott

If you are wondering what it takes to get admitted in one of the top engineering colleges in India, we’ve got you covered.

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B.Tech Syllabus of Entrance Exam 

Preparing for a B.Tech degree requires not only dedication but also a clear understanding of the entrance exams that open the doors to top engineering colleges in India. Each exam tests students' knowledge and aptitude in various subjects, especially Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics, ensuring they are well-equipped for the rigorous academic journey ahead. 

Check the table below for a comprehensive overview of the syllabus for the major B.Tech entrance exams. 

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Of course, getting your B.Tech from a top institution can significantly impact your career—here are some of the premier colleges in India.

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Popular B.Tech Colleges in India

Discover the pinnacle of engineering education in India at institutions like IITs and NITs, where from IIT Bombay's innovation hub to NIT Trichy's cutting-edge programs, students experience transformative learning. With fees ranging from INR 5 LPA at NIT Trichy to INR 8 LPA at premier IITs, graduates can expect median salaries ranging from INR 12 LPA to INR 21.6 LPA, offering not just education but a gateway to lucrative career opportunities in technology and engineering.

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Learn more about IIT

Ready to embark on your journey to becoming an engineer? Propelld can help you achieve your B.Tech dreams with flexible and affordable education loans. Whether you need funds for tuition, books, or living expenses, Propelld offers personalised loan solutions to ease your financial burden. Discover Propelld's student loans today and focus on your studies without worrying about finances. Your engineering future starts here!

FAQs About B.Tech Syllabus and Subjects

What is the duration of a B.Tech course? 

The B.Tech course typically lasts for four years, divided into eight semesters.

What are the eligibility criteria for a B.Tech program? 

Candidates must have completed 10+2 with PCM as core subjects.

What are core B.Tech subjects? 

Core B.Tech subjects vary by specialisation but generally include fundamental engineering subjects like Thermodynamics, Fluid Mechanics, Engineering Mechanics, and Heat Transfer.

Mention B.Tech IT syllabus.

Core Subjects:

1. Programming Languages (like C, C++, Java): Foundations in essential coding languages.
2. Data Structures and Algorithms: Study of organising and managing data efficiently.
3. Database Management Systems: Understanding of database design and management.
4. Computer Networks: Principles and protocols governing network communication.
5. Operating Systems: Fundamentals of system software and management.
6. Software Engineering: Methodologies for systematic software development.
7. Web Technologies: Technologies for web application development.
8. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP): Approach to designing software using objects and classes.
9. Computer Architecture and Organization: Structure and functionality of computer systems.
10. Theory of Computation: Study of computation models and computational complexity.

Elective Subjects:

1. Cloud Computing: Delivering computing services over the Internet.
2. Cyber Security: Techniques to protect computer systems and data.
3. Mobile Application Development: Design and creation of applications for mobile devices.
4. Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning: Study of intelligent agents and learning algorithms.
5. Big Data Analytics: Techniques for analysing large volumes of data.
6. Internet of Things (IoT): Interconnection of devices via the internet.
7. Blockchain Technology: Distributed ledger technology for secure transactions.
8. Human-Computer Interaction: Study of interaction between users and computers.
9. Data Science: Extraction of knowledge from data through algorithms and systems.
10. VR/AR: Technologies creating immersive virtual experiences.

What specialisations are available in B.Tech? 

Specialisations include Computer Science Engineering, Information Technology, Electrical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Biotechnology, and many more.

What is the Choice-Based Credit System (CBCS)? 

CBCS is a system recommended by the UGC that allows students to choose their courses from a prescribed set of core, elective, and foundation subjects.

What is the importance of internships in B.Tech? 

Internships provide practical industry experience, enhancing students' employability and understanding of real-world applications of their studies.

What are the subjects in B.Tech Mechanical Engineering? 

Common core subjects include Thermodynamics, Fluid Mechanics, Machine Design, Engineering Mechanics, Heat Transfer, and Engineering Drawing.

What are the subjects in B.Tech Computer Science Engineering? 

Common core subjects include Artificial Intelligence, Design and Analysis of Algorithms, Theory of Computation,  Compiler Design, and Operating Systems.

Mention some career opportunities after completing a B.Tech in Computer Science Engineering.

Career opportunities include Software Developer, System Analyst, Network Engineer, and Data Scientist.

What are the core subjects in Biotechnology? 

Core subjects in Biotechnology include Human Biology, Cell Biology and Biological Systems, Chemistry, Structural Biochemistry, Plant Science, and Molecular Genetics.

How are lab sessions integrated into the B.Tech curriculum? 

Lab sessions complement theoretical learning by providing hands-on experience with experiments and applications relevant to the specialisation.

What is the significance of project submission in B.Tech? 

Project submission is crucial for final evaluation and placement opportunities, as it demonstrates students' ability to apply theoretical knowledge to practical problems.

What are the average fees for a B.Tech program in India? 

The average fees for a B.Tech program in India range from INR 60,000 to INR 10,00,000.

What is the average salary for B.Tech graduates in India? 

The average salary ranges from INR 3.50 LPA to INR 6.10 LPA, depending on the specialisation and college.

What are some popular books for B.Tech students? 

Popular books include "Introduction to Algorithms" by Thomas H. Cormen, "Engineering Mechanics" by S.S. Bhavikatti, and "Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering" by Giorgio Rizzoni.

What are some top B.Tech colleges in India? 

Top B.Tech colleges include Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) in Madras, Delhi, Bombay, Kanpur, and Kharagpur.

What are the subjects in B.Tech?

In B.Tech programs, subjects typically include a mix of core subjects and elective courses, depending on the specialisation. Core subjects often cover foundational topics such as:

1. Mathematics
2. Physics
3. Chemistry
4. Engineering Mechanics
5. Electrical Circuits
6. Digital Electronics
7. Programming and Data Structures
8. Signals and Systems
9. Thermodynamics
10. Engineering Drawing

Elective subjects vary widely depending on the chosen specialisation, ranging from advanced topics in electronics, computer science, mechanical engineering, and civil engineering to specialised fields like artificial intelligence, cybersecurity, biotechnology, and more.